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Panel information
Panel 6. Developmental Psychopathology

Abstract

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Introduction Adolescence represents a period of heightened susceptibility to depression, during which negative interpretive biases have been linked to the exacerbation of depressive symptoms. Additionally, the development of adolescent depression is accompanied by an overgeneralization of varying levels of negative interpretive bias. Despite extensive research connecting negative interpretive biases to depressive symptoms, their interaction and predictive value in adolescents remain underexplored. The present study investigates the longitudinal relationships between context-based and self-based negative interpretive biases and depressive symptoms in adolescents.
Methods A two-wave longitudinal study with a six-month interval explored the relationships among context-based and self-based negative interpretive bias and depressive symptoms in 573 adolescents (52.71% female; aged 12-18 years, mean (SD) age = 13.78 (0.85)). Depressive symptom was assessed by the Chinese version of the 20-item the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The adapted version of Word Sentence Association Paradigm (WSAP) was employed to assess context-based and self-based negative interpretive bias. A two-wave cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) was adopted to estimate the bidirectional relations between context-based and self-based NIB and depressive symptoms. Based on the results of the two-wave CLPM, two two-wave longitudinal mediation models (LMM) were utilized to test mediation models to verify the underlying mechanisms among variables
Results The results revealed a bidirectional relationship between context-based negative interpretive bias and depressive symptoms (b = 0.133, SE = 0.041, p = 0.001; b = 0.247, SE = 0.041, p < 0.001), with both factors unidirectionally predicting self-based negative interpretive bias (b = 0.137, SE = 0.051, p = 0.007; b = 0.133, SE = 0.043, p = 0.002; b = 0.075, SE = 0.049, p = 0.131; b = 0.040, SE = 0.041, p = 0.332). Additionally, depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between context-based and self-based negative interpretive bias (b = 0.201, SE = 0.023, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.151, 0.258]), while context-based negative interpretive bias mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and self-based negative interpretive bias (b = 0.157, SE = 0.016, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.169, 0.229]).
Conclusions and implication These findings highlight the complexity of the associations between negative interpretive bias and adolescent depression, emphasizing the significance of tailored interventions that address different levels of negative interpretive bias. This study explores the overgeneralization effect from context-based to self-based NIB and their relationship with depressive symptoms in non-clinical adolescents. The findings reveal that context-based NIB and depressive symptoms continuously reinforce each other in a vicious cycle, which subsequently leads to the development of more proximal self-based NIB. These results emphasize the importance of understanding how these biases interact and evolve over time, highlighting the complex roles of cognitive biases in the progression of depressive symptoms. By introducing a dynamic model that incorporates the evolution of interpretive biases, this study enhances the cognitive model of depression. It provides a more nuanced understanding of the interplay between cognitive biases and depression in adolescents and offers valuable insights for developing targeted mental health interventions for this vulnerable group.

Author information

Author	Role
Dr. Yining Wang, Peking University	Presenting author
Yanjie Su, Peking University	Non-presenting author

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